Fig. 1: Genome-wide detection of rREs in cancer genomes.

a, Scheme of the method to identify rREs in 2,509 patients across 29 human cancer types: 1, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Head−SCC); 2, skin–melanoma; 3, glioblastoma (CNS–GBM); 4, medulloblastoma (CNS−Medullo); 5, pilocytic astrocytoma (CNS–PiloAstro); 6, oesophageal adenocarcinoma (Oeso−AdenoCA); 7, osteosarcoma (Bone−Osteosarc); 8, leiomyosarcoma (Bone−Leiomyo); 9, thyroid adenocarcinoma (Thy–AdenoCA); 10, lung adenocarcinoma (Lung−AdenoCA); 11, lung squamous cell carcinoma (Lung−SCC); 12, mammary gland adenocarcinoma (Breast−AdenoCA); 13, B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Lymph−BNHL); 14, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (Lymph−CLL); 15, acute myeloid leukaemia (Myeloid−AML); 16, myeloproliferative neoplasm (Myeloid−MPN); 17, biliary adenocarcinoma (Biliary–AdenoCA); 18, hepatocellular carcinoma (Liver−HCC); 19, stomach adenocarcinoma (Stomach−AdenoCA); 20, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (Panc−AdenoCA); 21, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (Panc−Endocrine); 22, colorectal adenocarcinoma (ColoRect–AdenoCA); 23, prostatic adenocarcinoma (Prost−AdenoCA); 24, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (Kidney–ChRCC); 25, renal cell carcinoma (Kidney–RCC); 26, papillary renal cell carcinoma (Kidney−pRCC); 27, uterine adenocarcinoma (Uterus−AdenoCA); 28, ovarian adenocarcinoma (Ovary−AdenoCA); 29, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (Bladder−TCC). b, Distribution of rREs across cancer types. c, Proportion of cancer genomes with rREs. d, STR mutation rate for cancer genomes with and without an rRE. Two-tailed Mann–Whitney test (n = 2,465 cancer genomes); NS, not significant. Boxes extend from the 25th percentile to the 75th percentile, the centre line represents the median and whiskers represent minima and maxima. e, Distribution of rREs across MSS and MSI-high cancers. Chi-squared (two-tailed) test with Yates’ correction (n = 2,482 cancer genomes).