Fig. 1: The magnetic field orientation of the gravitationally lensed galaxy 9io9 at z = 2.553.
From: Polarized thermal emission from dust in a galaxy at redshift 2.6

a–d, ALMA 242 GHz polarimetric observations of the Stokes I, Q and U parameters, and the polarized intensity (PI). The synthetic beam of the observations (1.2″ × 0.9″, θ = 68°) is shown as the red ellipse, lower left. The B field orientation is indicated by white lines shown at the Nyquist sampling, with line lengths proportional to the polarization fraction. e–h, Synthetic polarimetric observations using a constant B field configuration in the source plane. Contours indicate signal to noise: for Stokes I, the contours increase as σI × 23,4,5,…. For Stokes Q and U and for PI, the contours start at 3σ and increase in steps of 1σ. Dec., declination; RA, right ascension.