Extended Data Fig. 4: Aligned microporous hierarchical structures.

a-b, Surface (a) and Longitudinal section (b) SEM images showing morphology changes of WRAP films. Increasing elongation reveals more pronounced aligned and porous microstructure. c, Surface (left) and longitudinal section (right) SEM images show porous and aligned microstructures disappeared after WRAP-400% contracted under relative humidity of 97%. d-e, Polarized FT-IR spectra for IC/PEO (d) and WRAP-400% film (e). The red and black lines represent electric vectors parallel and perpendicular to elongation direction. For isotropic films, band intensities are similar in both polarizations. WRAP films show PEO bands (e.g., 1342 cm⁻¹, 1281 cm⁻¹) change, α-CD bands (e.g., 1638 cm⁻¹) remain unchanged. f-g, DSC curves (f) and crystallinity of PEO domains (g) in WRAP films with different elongation ratio. As elongation increased, both the half-width (melting range) and area (enthalpy) of the PEO melting peak increased, indicating increased total crystallinity but less uniform crystalline domain size. h, 2D WAXS patterns of IC/PEO and corresponding 1D integrated curves from different scanning azimuthal directions. Isotropic patterns (left) and constant intensities (right) for peak A(100), B(110), D(210), and E(300) belonging to inclusion complex crystallite and peak C(120) and F(032) attributed to PEO crystallites indicate that the IC/PEO structure is isotropic with crystallites oriented randomly. i, Corresponding 1D integrated curves of WRAP-400% films show constant peak intensities (A, B, D, E) of inclusion complex indicating isotropy. Changing intensities (C, F) reveal oriented PEO crystallites. j, Patterns of drawn pure PEO film became anisotropic, constant with anisotropic patterns of WRAP film. k, 2D WAXS patterns of redry PC-WRAP film returned to isotropic. Scale bars: 1 µm (a); 10 µm (b, left), 1 µm (b, right); 1 µm (c, left), 10 µm (c, right). Data in g are presented as mean ± s.d. from three samples. All experiments in a-c were repeated 3-6 times with similar results.