Fig. 2: Climate model experiments reveal that human-caused warming has influenced Northern Hemisphere snowpack trends.
From: Evidence of human influence on Northern Hemisphere snow loss
a–d, Trend in March SWE from 1981 to 2020 in in situ observations (a), the ensemble mean of five long-term gridded SWE products (b), and the multimodel mean of CMIP6 historical simulations with (c) and without (d) anthropogenic emissions. e, Spatial pattern correlation (ρ) of 1981–2020 March SWE trends between the CMIP6 multimodel mean HIST (red symbols) and HIST-NAT (blue symbols) simulations and each observational (OBS) SWE product (see legend). The grey histogram indicates the empirical probability density function of spatial correlations between trends from the historical simulations and all possible 40-year trends from unforced pre-industrial control (PIC) simulations (N = 78,601). The red (orange) vertical dashed line indicates the 99th (95th) percentile of this empirical distribution. Maps were generated using cartopy v.0.18.0.
