Fig. 1: Visualization of the modern ACC.
From: Five million years of Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength variability

Shown is the simulated ocean velocity at 100-m water depth (blue = weak; white = strong). Model: FESOM2 (Finite-volumE Sea ice–Ocean Model, formulated on unstructured mesh; https://fesom.de/); setup: ROSSBY4.2; simulations: Dmitry Sein (AWI); visualization: Nikolay Koldunov (AWI). ACC fronts as derived from satellite altimetry16. From north to south: NB, north boundary; SAF, Subantarctic Front; PF, polar front; SACCF, southern ACC front; SB, southern boundary. Core and drilling locations are marked by white stars.