Extended Data Fig. 3: Transcriptomic Fingerprint of Short Duration Spaceflight.

(a) Representative spatial imaging of skin biopsy tissue for each crew member (C001, C002, C003, and C004). Processing was done in two batches and across four ROI types. (b) UMAP projection of the ROIs. The colors represent ROI types and shapes represent time points. Most of the ROIs showed good clustering around ROI types in both time points. (c) Heatmap visualization of top variable genes across ROIs and time points in skin biopsies. (d) PCA on scaled vst normalized counts of top 500 variable genes in cfRNA data. (e) Z-score of vst normalized cfRNA abundances from DESeq2 (BH adjusted two-sided p-value < 0.01, |log2FC | > 1). Total of 927 genes. (f) cfDNA RNA species elevated pre-flight vs post-flight. Top 500 displayed for each group ranked by log₂ fold-change.