Fig. 1: Dynamic reaction, hydrolysis and redox shuttle of HUBLA.
From: Water- and heat-activated dynamic passivation for perovskite photovoltaics
a, Dynamic reactions of HUBLA. b, Photographs showing the connection of two FAPbI3 crystals using HUBLA. HUBLA in isopropanol (10 mg ml−1) was coated on one side of the FAPbI3 crystal, and another FAPbI3 crystal was placed on top of it for 24 h at room temperature. The two crystals showed a strong adhesion and could lift a 5-g weight. c, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterizations of HUBLA in dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 and deuterium oxide (D2O) over 100 min. Immediately after the 1H NMR test at 0 min, 15% D2O was added; the temperature was then increased to 65 °C after 60 min. d, Dynamic and hydrolysis reactions of HUBLA coated on a perovskite film under humid conditions. e, Dynamic and redox reactions of HUBLA coated on a perovskite film under heating conditions. CH, cysteamine hydrochloride.
