Fig. 2: Pathogenicity and tissue tropism in mice intranasally inoculated with bovine H5N1 virus.
From: Pathogenicity and transmissibility of bovine H5N1 influenza virus
a,b, BALB/cJ mice (7 weeks old, n = 5 biologically independent animals per dosage) were deeply anaesthetized and intranasally inoculated with tenfold serial dilutions of A/dairy cattle/New Mexico/A240920343-93/2024 (H5N1) in 50 μl of PBS. Body weight (a) and survival (b) were monitored daily for 15 days. In a, the error bars represent the standard deviation. c, BALB/cJ mice (10 weeks old, n = 10 biologically independent animals per virus) were deeply anaesthetized and intranasally inoculated with 103 PFU of A/dairy cattle/New Mexico/A240920343-93/2024 (H5N1; ‘Cow-H5N1’), A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1; ‘VN1203-H5N1’) or A/Isumi/UT-KK001-01/2018 (H1N1; ‘Isumi-H1N1’) in 50 μl of PBS. At 3 and 6 days postinfection, five mice infected with Cow-H5N1 or Isumi-H1N1 were euthanized and tissues were collected for plaque assays in MDCK cells. For VN1203-H5N1 infections, four mice were euthanized at the day 3 timepoint as one mouse succumbed at day 1 postinfection, and five mice were euthanized at the day 6 timepoint. In c, the floating bars show the median titre for each tissue of each inoculation group and variability is represented by the range. When virus was not detected in a tissue, an arbitrary value below the limit of detection was assigned to enable visualization of the datapoint on the graph. PFU ml−1, PFU per millilitre.
