Extended Data Fig. 9: Electromechanical response of the 200 nm-thick NNO films.
From: Ultrahigh electromechanical response from competing ferroic orders
(a-f) External electric field-dependent surface displacement measured by laser Doppler vibrometer with an a.c. voltage of 1 V at a frequency of 1 kHz. (g) Inducing external electric field by applying d.c. voltage during laser Doppler vibrometer test (only show 10 ms data).
