Extended Data Fig. 4: Comparing receptor function of CVRs with native receptors, or alternative receptors/coreceptors in different cell types.
a-c, The ability of CVRs to promote cell-cell membrane fusion, and authentic SARS-CoV-2 infection is comparable to their native receptors. Spike and receptor-mediated cell-cell fusion was demonstrated by reconstituted GFP intensity (a) and relative light unit (RLU) of Renilla luciferase activity (b). Authentic SARS-CoV-2 infection was examined by immunostaining of intracellular N proteins at 24 hpi (c). Data are mean ± s.d. (biological triplicates) for b. Data are representative of two independent fusion assays or infection assays with similar results. d, Receptor specificity of different coronavirus PSVs in HEK293T stably expressing the native receptor or the indicated CVRs. e, SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV PSV entry into various cell types expressing the indicated receptors. Data representative of two independent transfection and infection assays with similar results for d and e. f, SARS-CoV-2 PSV entry efficiencies in HEK293T cells expressing different receptors or entry factors. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. (n = 3 wells of independently infected cells.), representative of two independent transfection and infection experiments. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; NS, Not significant (P > 0.05).
