Extended Data Fig. 4: The stress released by a nucleation patch changes its character from ‘penny crack’ scaling to ‘through crack’ scaling with the distance from the patch.
From: How frictional ruptures and earthquakes nucleate and evolve
Numerical results from FE simulations. a. Normalized excess potential energy as a function of crack radius R. The dashed line is the least squares cubic fit: ΔΩ/Ω0 = 3.25(R/W)3. b. Tensile stress σyy difference along a line perpendicular to the crack plane starting from its center, for two different R/W ratios. Trends, corresponding to the scaling derived in Eq. (15), are shown in dashed (far field) and dotted (near field) gray lines.
