Extended Data Fig. 10: The relationship between aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and cover, and effects of extreme drought on plant community cover.

a, the relationship between ANPP and cover in Eurasian grasslands. b, the relationship between ANPP and cover in North American grasslands. c, the response ratios of plant community cover over the four-year drought period. Displayed are the absolute values of ANPP and cover for each plot during four treatment years across the 12 study sites (see Methods). Fitted lines are from linear mixed-effects models. The purple, yellow and grey lines indicate the trends averaged across all Eurasian grassland sites, averaged across all North American grassland sites and the trends for each site, respectively (see Supplementary Table 7 for detailed model specification and summary statistics). Values are mean ± s.e.m. of the response ratios of plant community cover in six Eurasian grasslands (n = 36) and six North American grasslands (n = 60). Different uppercase letters and lowercase letters indicate significant differences in response ratios among treatment years in Eurasian and North American grasslands, respectively, which were assessed by Tukey’s HSD tests (two-sided).