Fig. 3: Overview of the set of human protein-coding gene functions categorized by high-level GO classes.

a, Human genes categorized by MF (activities of encoded proteins at the molecular level) for the 12,117 genes with an MF annotation in PAN-GO. b, Human genes categorized by BP (larger system functions to which a protein contributes) for the 13,982 genes with a BP annotation in PAN-GO. For each panel, the areas are proportional to the number of genes in a given functional category. Colours correspond to a few broad categories that do not correspond exactly to GO classes but serve to help organize the GO classes. Note that for the GO classes, some are subcategories of others, and in those cases, annotations are assigned to only the most specific category. For example, a gene annotated with ‘small-molecule metabolic process’ will not be included in the more general ‘metabolic process’. Note also that a gene can be assigned to multiple categories if it has annotations to distinct GO classes that are in different categories.