Extended Data Fig. 4: Effectiveness of local application of neuromodulatory receptor blockers through a cranial window port.
From: Brain-wide presynaptic networks of functionally distinct cortical neurons

a, Example imaging FOV denoting the expression of the ACh sensor GRABACh in wS1 L2/3 neurons. b, ΔF averaged over the full FOV and two example ROIs, aligned to the onset of WL events (vertical bars) before and after reapplication of Ringer’s solution in an example mouse (sham session). c, Corresponding whisker movements. d-f, As in a-c, but instead exemplifying the expression of GRABACh and data recorded before and after application of ACh R blockers. g-i, As in a-c, but instead exemplifying the expression of the norepinephrine (NE) sensor GRABNE and data recorded before and after application of NE R blockers. j-l, Baseline-subtracted mean ΔF during WL events (modulation during WL) for sham (n = 2, j), ACh-R blockade (n = 2, k), and NE R blockade (n = 1, l) sessions. WL-related increases in ACh and NE were abolished when the respective R blockers were applied, but not in sham sessions. a, d, g, Scale bar, 100 µm. b-c, e-f, h-f, Results are presented as mean ± s.e.m.