Fig. 5: The effect of the zoster vaccine on new diagnoses of dementia, separately for women and men.

a–f, Effect estimates of being eligible for (a (women) and d (men)) and having received (b and c (women) and e and f (men); across different follow-up periods (b and e) and across different grace periods (c and f)) the zoster vaccine on new diagnoses of dementia, separately for women and men. The data source for this analysis was the SAIL database for Wales. The triangles (rather than points) depict our primary specification. Red (as opposed to white) fillings denote statistical significance (P < 0.05). Grace periods refer to time periods since the index date after which the follow-up time is considered to begin. The grey vertical bars depict the 95% CIs around the point estimate of the regression coefficient (two-sided t-test). The grey dots show the mean value for each 10-week increment in week of birth. For a, among women, the MSE-optimal bandwidth is 95.5 weeks (32,601 women). For b and c, among women, the MSE-optimal bandwidth for our primary specification is 149.1 weeks (50,816 women). For d, among men, the MSE-optimal bandwidth for our primary specification is 121.3 weeks (33,725 men). For e and f, among men, the MSE-optimal bandwidth for our primary specification is 91.8 weeks (25,563 men). The grey shading of the dots is proportionate to the weight that observations from this 10-week increment received in the analysis.