Fig. 1: Combination of GSK–LSD1 and LY2090314 inhibits proliferation and impairs clonogenic activity of AML cell lines by inducing differentiation.

a, Time course measurement of monocyte differentiation markers in the ER-HOXA9 cell line treated with vehicle, GSK–LSD1 (50 nM), LY2090314 (100 nM) and a combination of both inhibitors for 5 days. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. from three biological independent experiments. P values were determined using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). CTRL, control. b, Time course measurement of ER-HOXA9 cell proliferation as in panel a. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. from three biological independent experiments. P values were determined using two-way ANOVA. c, Survival of human AML cell lines treated with different concentrations of LY2090314 (black) and a combination of LY2090314 with 50 nM GSK–LSD1 (red) for 3 days. The luminescence signal was normalized, and dose–response curves and EC₅₀ values were calculated using a non-linear regression curve fit. d, Quantification of colonies formed by the indicated human cell lines treated with DMSO, GSK–LSD1 (50 nM), LY2090314 (100 nM) and a combination of both inhibitors. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. from three biological independent experiments. P values were determined using two-way ANOVA. e, Analysis of the clonogenic activity of THP-1 cells by a serial replating assay. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. from three biological independent experiments. P values were determined using two-way ANOVA. f, Representative images of Kasumi-1, THP-1 and U937 cells treated with the indicated inhibitors for 5 days and stained with Wright–Giemsa. Scale bars, 25 μm. The experiment was repeated three times with similar results.