Extended Data Fig. 12: Histology, behavior and learning induced changes in response properties for experiments involving imaging from amygdala projecting dmPFC cells.
From: Prefrontal encoding of an internal model for emotional inference
(a) Schematic showing the approximate positions of GRIN lens implantations for each rat in the paired (left) and unpaired (right) groups. (b) Percentage of time spent freezing (‘freezing duration’, y-axis) during auditory and visual CSs in each trial of aversive conditioning (visual-shock pairings) and recall for the paired (grey solid lines) and unpaired (black dotted lines) groups. BL: baseline. Two-way ANOVA (two-sided), ***: F(1,65) = 16.85, p = 0.00012; n.s.: F(1,65) = 3.88, p = 0.053. Data are presented as mean value ± SEM. (c) Median percentage (calculated for rats in each group) of time spent freezing during CSs for paired and unpaired groups in the recall of auditory stimulus (left) and visual stimulus (right) for the paired and unpaired groups. Dots represent individual animal values (filled = male, open = female). Mann-Whitney U test (two-sided); *: r = 74, p = 0.040; n.s.: r = 65, p = 0.34; Two-way ANOVA after log-transformation, interaction (CSs vs groups), F(1, 26) = 1.51, p = 0.23. (d) Heat-maps of calcium responses for all imaged neurons projecting to amygdala in the paired (top) and unpaired (bottom) groups during preconditioning and recall. Each row represents the averaged calcium responses of an individual neuron across each trial type. The preconditioning and recall heatmaps are aligned separately for each trial type (A, auditory and V, visual) according to the calcium responses during the visual stimulus. Dashed lines indicate onset and offset of sensory stimuli. (e, f) Top: peri-event time histograms showing population averaged auditory-evoked calcium responses (lines) and SEM (shaded) of activated neurons during preconditioning (PC, grey) and recall (red) in the paired (e) and unpaired (f) groups. Dashed lines represent the onset and offset of sensory stimuli. Bottom: Box plots showing median (center), 25%/75% interquartile range (bounds of box) and extreme data points (whiskers) for calcium responses during auditory CSs from peri-event time histograms in the top panel. Mann-Whitney U test (one-sided); **: z = 2.81, r = 35301, p = 0.0025; n.s.: z = 1.18, r = 29368, p = 0.12. Two-way ANOVA, interaction (stages vs groups), F(1, 698) = 9.66, p = 0.002. (g, h) Similar to e-f, but for visual responses in the paired (g) and unpaired (h) groups. Mann-Whitney U test (one-sided); n.s.(left): z = 0.65, r = 33124, p = 0.26; n.s.(right): z = 0.26, r = 37321, p = 0.40. Two-way ANOVA, interaction (stages vs groups), F(1, 718) = 0.050, p = 0.82.
