Extended Data Fig. 2: Neuronal activity changes induced by learning and Inhibitory responses following preconditioning and aversive learning.
From: Prefrontal encoding of an internal model for emotional inference
(a) Heatmaps of calcium responses for all imaged neurons in the paired (top) and unpaired (bottom) groups during preconditioning (PC), aversive conditioning (AC) and recall. Each row represents the averaged calcium responses for each trial type of one imaged neuron. The heatmaps of preconditioning and recall are aligned separately for each trial type according to the calcium responses during the auditory stimulus for PC and recall and visual aligned during AC. Dashed lines indicate onset and offset of sensory stimuli. (b) Heat-maps of calcium responses for all imaged neurons in the paired (top) and unpaired (bottom) groups during preconditioning and recall. Each row represents the averaged calcium responses of an individual neuron across each trial type. The heat-maps of preconditioning and recall are aligned separately for each trial type according to the calcium responses during the visual stimulus. Dashed lines indicate onset and offset of sensory stimuli. (c) Top: peri-event time histograms showing population averaged auditory evoked calcium responses (lines) and SEM (shaded) of activated neurons without baseline subtraction during preconditioning for paired (red) and unpaired (grey) groups. Bottom: similar to top panel, but for evoked calcium responses during recall. (d, e) Top: peri-event time histograms showing population averaged auditory-evoked calcium responses (lines) and SEM (shaded) of activated neurons during preconditioning (grey) and recall (red) in the paired (d) and unpaired (e) groups. Dashed lines indicate the onset and offset of sensory stimuli. Bottom: box plots showing median (center), 25%/75% interquartile range (bounds of box) and extreme data points (whiskers) for calcium responses during auditory CSs from peri-event time histograms in the top panel. Mann-Whitney U test (one-sided); *: z = 2.08, r = 94077, p = 0.019; n.s.: z = 0.27, r = 55985, p = 0.39. (f, g) Similar to d, e, but for visual responses in the paired (f) and unpaired (g) groups. Mann-Whitney U test (one-sided); * (f): z = 1.84, r = 94640, p = 0.033; * (g): z = 1.94, r = 86503, p = 0.026. (h, i) Top: peri-event time histograms showing population averaged auditory-evoked calcium responses (lines) and SEM (shaded) of inhibited neurons in the unpaired (grey) and paired (red) during preconditioning (h) and recall (i). Bottom: Box plots showing median (center), 25%/75% interquartile range (bounds of box) and extreme data points (whiskers) for calcium responses during auditory CSs from the peri-event time histograms in the top panels. Mann-Whitney U test (two-sided); n.s.: z = 0.29, r = 13345, p = 0.77; n.s.: z = 0.32, r = 12015, p = 0.75. (j, k) Similar to h, i, but for visual CSs during preconditioning (j) and recall (k). Mann-Whitney U test (two-sided); n.s.: z = 1.86, r = 13156, p = 0.063; n.s.: z = 1.29, r = 11203, p = 0.20.
