Extended Data Fig. 10: In vivo biocompatibility evaluation of MUSAS in a swine model.
From: Mechanical underwater adhesive devices for soft substrates
a, Illustration of tattooing adhesion sites in a swine model (scale bar: 5 mm). b, Detached MUSAS retrieved from a pig stomach after euthanasia, demonstrating thorough lubrication and accumulation of stomach contents and mucoid materials for safe passage (scale bar: 5 mm). c, Representative pig weight measurements show normal weight gain during MUSAS residence in the stomach (n = 4 devices delivered per retention study). d–h, Histopathology of H&E stained the gastrointestinal tract showing no damage from MUSAS adhesion and passage that causes haemorrhage, inflammation or indication of tissue repair (fibrosis), including d, stomach. MUSAS adhesion and adjacent internal control sites, collected after 3 and 7 days of MUSAS residence (scale bar: 100 µm, n = 9 Yorkshire pigs evaluated). e, Small intestine and colon, collected after MUSAS residence in the stomach and safe passage through the GI tract (scale bars: small intestine, 200 µm; colon, 100 µm, n = 4 Yorkshire pigs evaluated). f, Oesophagus, adhesion and adjacent internal control sites, collected 1 day after adhesion (scale bar: 200 µm, n = 3 Yorkshire pigs evaluated). g,h, Buccal tissue and pharynx, adhesion and adjacent internal control sites, collected 1 day after mRNA delivery (scale bar: 100 µm, n = 3 Yorkshire pigs evaluated).
