Extended Data Fig. 5: Historical observations and trends across the global Doughnut’s social dimensions and indicators of shortfall.
From: Doughnut of social and planetary boundaries monitors a world out of balance
Each social indicator tracks the share of the world’s population falling below its respective minimum social standard (green line) in percentage terms, ranging from zero (nobody in shortfall) to 100 (entire population in shortfall). See Table 1 for further details on the indicators and Supplementary Data for numerical results, including full statistical details estimated using ordinary least squares regression with two-sided hypothesis tests (that is, estimated coefficients, robust standard errors, adjusted-R2 and P-values).
