Extended Data Fig. 9: Simulated dielectric spectra using equivalent electrical circuits.
From: In-plane dielectric constant and conductivity of confined water
a, Approximate impedance model for our measurement geometry using a distributed RC network that includes both in-plane and out-of-plane elements to model the water channel. b, Simplified in-plane equivalent circuit that takes into account the negligible contribution of the out-of-plane impedance. c, Calculated impedance using different channel thicknesses (h = 30, 5 and 1.5 nm) and properties of bulk water. d, Same as in c but plotting the effective capacitance, 1/(|Z|2πf). e, Same as in d for h = 1.5 nm using different σ//. f, Same as in e but for different ε//. Other parameters used in simulations (c–f): R = 100 nm, θ = 25°, zscan = 20 nm, l* = 3 μm, wc = 200 nm, Htop = 50 nm and H = 100 nm.
