Fig. 3: Mineral retention and bioaccessibility of processed VIT1 and IRT1 + FER1 storage roots.

a, Iron concentrations after processing of gari and fufu from the storage roots of VIT1 plants. b,c, Iron (b) and zinc (c) concentrations after processing of gari and fufu from storage roots of IRT1 + FER1 plants. d,e, Iron (d) and zinc (e) bioaccessibility of after processing of gari and fufu from storage roots of VIT1 plants. f,g, Iron (f) and zinc (g) bioaccessibility after processing of gari and fufu from storage roots of IRT1 + FER1 plants. For VIT1, n = 3 biologically independent plants; for IRT1 + FER1, n = 4 biologically independent plants (2 technical replicates/plant). Box-and-whisker plots were constructed with the R package ggplot2. The upper whisker extends from the hinge to the largest value, no further than 1.5× the IQR from the hinge. The lower whisker extends from the hinge to the smallest value, at most 1.5× the IQR of the hinge. Data beyond the ends of the whiskers are considered outlying points and are plotted individually. Statistical tests were performed with two-sided Student’s t test, relative to raw storage roots within each line (a–c) or to nontransgenic control (d). *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001.