Supplementary Fig. 4: Kinetics of SDGD⁰¹¹³⁷⁷ and SDGD⁰⁰⁵⁹⁵⁸ spread in target mosquito populations.

In these experiments 100 heterozygous transgenic males were introduced into a population of 100 wild-type males and 200 wild-type females (transgenic allele frequency of 12.5%). The frequency of the transgene was monitored every generation together with the fraction of males in the population and the total number of eggs laid. Each consecutive generation was established by collecting 450 eggs. The frequency of the SDGD⁰¹¹³⁷⁷ (red lines) and SDGD⁰⁰⁵⁹⁵⁸ (blue lines) was compared to that of the autosomal self-limiting sex-distorter ^gfp124L-2 (grey lines) (Galizi et al., 2014) as well as to that of wild-type populations (black lines) as control. Each genotype was tested in triplicate cages. The SDGD⁰⁰⁵⁹⁵⁸ allele disappeared from the populations at generation 2 due to the strong fertility effects. The SDGD⁰¹¹³⁷⁷ alleles persisted in the populations despite the fertility effects but failed to increase over the frequency of release on subsequent generations. The fraction of males in the population was stably biased to about 65%.