Extended Data Fig. 5: Intensities of isotopologues of metabolites (glutamine, cysteinyl glycine, glutathione (reduced), 4-oxoproline, hydroxyproline) produced from ¹³C₅¹⁵N₂-labeled glutamine in vitro.

Illustration of the corresponding pathways through which these metabolites are produced is also shown. Metabolites with isotopologues shown are written in red. Other important intermediate metabolites are written in black. Non-labeled ¹²C and ¹⁴N are shown as black-filled circles while labeled ¹³C are shown as red-filled circles and labeled ¹⁵N are shown as green-filled circles. Raw intensities are normalized by the protein concentration. Data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. (n = 5 for biologically independent samples, P value was from unpaired t test, two-tailed).