Extended Data Fig. 5: System calibration.

a, Example frames captured by the low-SNR detection path (left) and the high-SNR detection path (right). b, Average projection of 300 continuously acquired frames. Noise was largely suppressed and underlying fluorescence signals were revealed. c, Intensity profiles (normalized to the maximum of high-SNR recording) along the dashed lines in b. d, The intensity (photon) ratios (high-SNR relative to low-SNR) of all 11 fluorescent beads in the FOV. Each point represents one bead and the average intensity ratio is ~10.0 (blue dashed line). e, Example images of an insect slice captured by the low-SNR detection path (left) and the high-SNR detection path (right). f, Average projection of 1000 consecutive frames. g, h, Intensity profiles along the blue and green dashed lines in f.