Extended Data Fig. 5: CD8+ T cell activation is higher in the intestinal tract in the presence of resident microbiota following rectal HIV acquisition.
Flow cytometric analysis of a, activated (HLA-DR+CD38+) human CD8+ T cells of viremic GF-BLT (red) and CV-BLT (black) mice at day 8 (GF, n = 4; CV n = 12), day 13 (GF, n = 4; CV n = 12), day 20 (GF, n = 4; CV n = 9), day 28 (GF, n = 4; CV n = 5) and day 35 (GF, n = 4; CV n = 4) post rectal HIV acquisition. Percent activated human CD8+ T cells in the b, PB, bone marrow (BM), spleen (SPL), lymph nodes (LN), human thymic organoid (THY), liver (LIV), and lung (LNG) as well as the c, small intestine (S), cecum (C), and large intestine (L) intraepithelial layer (IEL) and lamina propria layer (LPL) of aviremic (filled bars) and viremic (open bars) GF-BLT mice. Aviremic GF-BLT mice, n = 9 (PB, BM, SPL, LN, THY, LIV), n = 8 (LNG, S IEL, C IEL, C LPL, L IEL, L LPL), or n = 4 (S LPL). Viremic GF-BLT mice, n = 4 (PB, BM, SPL, LN, THY, LIV, LNG) or n = 3 (S IEL, S LPL, C IEL, C LPL, L IEL, L LPL). Percent activated human CD8+ T cells in the d, PB, BM, SPL, LN, THY, LIV, and LNG as well as the e, S IEL, S LPL, C IEL, C LPL, L IEL, and L LPL of aviremic (filled bars) and viremic (open bars) CV-BLT mice. Aviremic CV-BLT mice, n = 5 (PB, BM, SPL, LN, THY, LIV, LNG, S IEL, C IEL, C LPL, L IEL, L LPL), n = 3 (S LPL). Viremic CV-BLT mice, n = 8 (PB, BM, SPL, LN, LIV, LNG), n = 7 (S IEL, C IEL, C LPL, L IEL, L LPL), or n = 6 (THY, S LPL). SP, CD8+ single positive thymocyte. DP, CD4+CD8+ double positive thymocyte. b–e, Shown is the difference in percent activated CD8+ T cells between viremic and aviremic mice. Horizontal and vertical lines represent the mean and standard error mean respectively. a-e, Cell levels mice were compared with a two-sided Mann-Whitney test.
