Supplementary Figure 3: Association testing with imputed sequence variants in the region of the GHR gene.

a–c, Sequence variant genotypes were imputed in 6,777 Fleckvieh, 5,204 Holstein and 1,646 Brown Swiss animals using the 1000 Bull Genomes Run4 multi-breed reference population with Minimac44. Association tests were performed between imputed sequence variant genotypes on chromosome 20 and daughter-derived values for protein percentage. Association testing was carried out with EMMAX using the -Z flag to consider predicted allele dosages for the imputed sequence variants. a, In Fleckvieh, the GHR p.Y279F mutation (rs385640152) was the second most strongly associated marker. b,c, The association testing revealed the causal GHR p.Y279F mutation (rs385640152)55 (in the growth hormone receptor gene) to be the most significantly associated variant in Holstein (b) and Brown Swiss (c) cattle. The frequency of the minor allele was 0.16, 0.08 and 0.12 in Holstein, Fleckvieh and Brown Swiss cattle, respectively. Data were used from Pausch et al.10.