Extended Data Fig. 3: Forest plots showing significant differences in effect size heterogeneity.

Wald tests were performed to test for heterogeneity of effect estimates for the 24 sentinel variants that reached genome-wide significance in the eight ancestry- and sex-specific GWAS compared to the other seven primary GWAS. Plot displays the eight sentinel variants that demonstrated significant differences in effect size by ancestry and/or sex. Data points represent effect size +/− standard error. Each genetic ancestry is color coded. Female-specific effect estimates are shown using circles. Male-specific effect estimates are shown using triangles. Effect estimates that are not shown indicate that the variant was not found. The symbol ‘+’ represents the effect of the result in the Discovery GWAS. The symbol ‘*’ denotes significant differences in effect size estimates compared to the Discovery GWAS after Bonferroni correction. Full GWAS samples sizes can be found in Table 1.