Supplementary Figure 4: Administration of antibiotics does not affect ‘bacterial’ or ‘viral’ molecular scores. | Nature Immunology

Supplementary Figure 4: Administration of antibiotics does not affect ‘bacterial’ or ‘viral’ molecular scores.

From: Progression of whole-blood transcriptional signatures from interferon-induced to neutrophil-associated patterns in severe influenza

Supplementary Figure 4

(a) Influenza patients (2010/11 cohort) presenting within the first 14 days of illness grouped by administration of any antibiotic (n=35) or no administration of antibiotics (n=35) in the 24 hours prior to T1 sampling. There was no difference (NS, Mann-Whitney test, two tailed) in either bacterial or viral molecular scores between the two groups. Bars show the median and interquartile range. (b) Prescription of antibiotics after T1 did not significantly influence ‘bacterial’ molecular score (P=0.9616, Kruskal Wallis test). Fifty-nine influenza patients who had both T1 and T2 samples were grouped by those who did not receive antibiotics (n=7), those whose antibiotics were stopped at T1 (n=1), those who had antibiotics prescribed after T1 but before T2 (n=24), and those who were receiving antibiotics at both T1 and T2 (N=27). Bars show median with interquartile range. (c) Total 16S rRNA copies at T1 in throat swabs and NP aspirate in patients adjudicated to be with or without bacterial co-infection. Those with confirmed bacterial infections (Bac +) had greater levels of total 16S rRNA copies in NP aspirate than those deemed to be without co-infection (Bac -) (Mann- Whitney test, P = 0.036). Throat swab Bac -, n=44; throat swab bac +, n=53; NP aspirate Bac -, n=17; NP aspirate Bac +, n=41.

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