Supplementary Figure 1: LOX1⁺ MDSCs and disease activity in MS.

a, Correlation of CD15⁺CD11b^hiCD33^loLOX1^lo myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and total CD15⁺ neutrophils with CD138⁺HLA-DR⁺ B cells in CSF of therapy-naive subjects with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS); not significant (ns); Spearman’s r analysis. b, Demographic and disease specific features of subjects with RRMS or CIS who served as donors for PBMCs (PBMC cohort, n = 70), CSF (CSF cohort, n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 31); NA, data not available; mean ± s.d. c–e, Individual subject information of the RRMS/CIS subject cohort used for paired analysis of the frequency of PMN-MDSCs in blood samples during relapse and after recovery from relapse in a state of either active disease showing evidence of disease activity either by relapse and/or disease activity in MRI and/or worsening of EDSS score ≥ 1 point (no NEDA-3) (d) or in subjects with no signs of disease activity defined by the absence of relapse, absence of disease activity in MRI and stable EDSS values (no evidence of disease activity, NEDA-3) (e); fingolimod (Fingoli.), ocrelizumab (Ocreli.), natalizumab (Natali.), pegylated interferon β-1a (peg-IGN-β), teriflunomide (Teriflu), glatiramer acetate (GA); Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test, *P < 0.05.