Extended Data Fig. 9: Correlation between RHP-induced murine gene orthologues and cancer patient survival.

a, Overall survival of TCGA patients stratified by human orthologues of signature genes expressed in RHP-treated intratumoral macrophages. The difference in 5-year restricted mean survival time (RMST) is shown regardless of the statistical significance from the weighted log-rank test. b, Prediction of response to PD-L1 blockade using 5-fold with Monte-Carlo sampling. For each sampling, the performance was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). c, The difference of AUROCs in 100 samplings. d, Strategy for PBMC humanization and patient tumor-derived organoid xenotransplantation bladder carcinoma model in NOD-SCID mice. e, Fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry representative images (left) and IFNγ-AF488 mean fluorescence intensity quantification (right) (counter stained with DAPI) of tumor-infiltrated human CD8 T cells, CD3+ (magenta fluorescence) CD8+ (red fluorescence) and IFNγ+ (green fluorescence), (n = 26 cells for PBS, n = 80 cells for LpIMB19, and n = 49 cells for RHP treatment were analyzed from a minimum of 3 independent tumor-bearing urinary bladder tissue sections of mice). f, Fluorescence multiplex immunohistochemistry representative images (left) and iNOS2-PE mean fluorescence intensity quantification (right) (counter stained with DAPI) of tumor-infiltrated human macrophages, CD68+ (green fluorescence, macrophage marker) and iNOS2 (red fluorescence), (n = 94 cells for PBS, n = 89 cells for LpIMB19, and n = 60 cells for RHP treatment were analyzed from a minimum of 3 independent tumor-bearing urinary bladder tissue sections of mice). Data are Mean ± SEM (c, e, f). The box plots display median and interquartile range (25–75%) and the whiskers extend from the box to the farthest data point lying within 1.5x the IQR from the box. (c). Statistical analyses were performed using two-sided Fisher’s exact test (c) and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (e, f, right panels).