Extended Data Fig. 1: Selection of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMB19 (LpIMB19).

a, Bubble plot showing IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in culture supernatants derived from murine total splenocytes treated with different strains of human commensal bacteria and control L. plantarum. b, Flow cytogram (left) and quantification (right) of LpIMB19 concentration-dependent generation of IFNγ+CD8 T cells in bacteria stimulated CD11C+ APCs and CD8 T cell co-culture for 72 hrs followed by 3.5 hrs stimulation with PMA/ionomycin and stained intracellularly, n = 5 for PBS and n = 6 for LpIMB19 biological replicates. c, Bubble plot showing IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in culture supernatants derived from human PBMCs treated with different strains of human commensal bacteria. d, LpIMB19-mediated generation of IFNγ+CD8 T cells in bacteria stimulated human APCs, differentiated from CD14+ blood monocytes, and CD8 T cell co-culture (n = 4 biological replicates). e-f, Dendrogram depicting similarity of LpIMB19 with other L. plantarum strains as assessed by average nucleotide distance (e) and conserved capsular polysaccharide related genes (f). Results are from one (a, c) or are pooled from three (b) or two (d) independent experiments. Data are Mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (b), or unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (d).