Extended Data Fig. 3: Gut microbiome alteration in progeroid Zmpste24^−/− mice.

a, Scheme representing the microbiome profiling experiment in Zmpste24^−/− mice. b,c, Comparison of alpha-diversity of gut microbiota between WT and Zmpste24^−/− mice using Shannon’s index (diversity) (b) and the Chao1 index (richness) (c). Analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test (Supplementary Table 1). In the box plots, upper and lower hinges correspond to the first and third quartiles, the center line represents the median, whiskers expand to the highest and lower values that are within 1.5 × IQR and data beyond the end of the whiskers are outliers and plotted as points. d, PCoA of beta-diversity using the Jaccard distance metric between WT and Zmpste24^−/− mice (P < 0.002; PERMANOVA). e, Total relative abundance of prevalent microbiota at the class level in Zmpste24^−/− and WT mice showing results from individual mice. The low abundance bacteria group includes all bacterial classes with less than 0.5% of total abundance. p, phylum; c, class. For a–e, analyses were performed with WT (n = 8) and Zmpste24^−/− (n = 4) mice.