Fig. 2: Clinical response to challenge with wild-type and TN S. Typhi.
From: Investigation of the role of typhoid toxin in acute typhoid fever in a human challenge model
a, Time to diagnosis after challenge. Cumulative proportion of participants meeting the composite diagnostic end point defined as S. Typhi bacteremia and/or fever ≥38 C° persisting ≥12 h. Participants not meeting the diagnostic criteria for typhoid diagnosis were censored at day 14. log-rank test. b, Challenge dose administered between wild-type and TN challenge groups. Two-sided Mann–Whitney U-test, nTN = 19, nWild-type = 21. c, Challenge dose administered according to outcome and challenge strain. Mann–Whitney U-test. d, Time to first fever >38 °C. e, Fever clearance time categorized according to study group. Kaplan–Meier survival curve showing the cumulative proportion of participants with any fever >38 °C by challenge group. Participants with no recorded fever were censored at day 14. log-rank test. f, Cumulative symptom severity scores in all participants challenged30; nTN = 19, nWild-type = 21. Two-sided Mann–Whitney U-test. g, Maximum symptom severity score (day 0–21) in participants diagnosed with typhoid fever according to study group. Percentage of participants reporting one or more events, graded as mild, moderate or severe30. The box plots display the median and IQR, with the upper whiskers extending to largest value ≤1.5 × IQR from the 75th percentile and the lower whiskers extending to the smallest values ≤ 1.5 × IQR from the 25th percentile31. The overlaid violin plots illustrate the distribution of the data points and their probability density31.
