Extended Data Fig. 1: The neural network puts more relative attention to the non-lesion background in actinic keratoses.
From: Human–computer collaboration for skin cancer recognition
Gradient-weighted Class Activation Maps (Grad-CAM, right column) for the top-1 prediction class of the CNN were created for all HAM10000 images, a sample for every ground-truth class is shown in the left column. The mean activation value per pixel of background- and lesion-area were estimated using manual segmentation masks (middle column). The quotient of background over lesion activation showed higher background activation for the predictions of the class AKIEC class versus all other classes (mean .48 vs. .32, p = 4.6 × 10−12, two-sided unpaired t-test). Thick central lines denote the median, lower and upper box limits the first and third quartiles, whiskers extend from the box to the most extreme value not further than 1.5 times the IQR.
