Extended Data Fig. 5: Summary of sensitivity analysis.

A Left panel opposes effect estimates from Cox proportional hazard models (x-axis) with those from logistic regression models (y-axis) using binary event data only. Points are coloured by incident endpoints as labelled on the right and larger points indicate metabolite—disease pairs with p < 0.001. The right panel shows correlation coefficients for effect estimates across all metabolites for a given incident endpoint. B Left panel opposes effect estimates from Cox proportional hazard models (x-axis) including the whole study population with exclusion criteria applied as mentioned in the main text with those from further excluding 469 participants who have died within the first five years after baseline examinations (y-axis). Points are coloured by incident endpoints as labelled on the right and larger points indicate metabolite—disease pairs with p < 0.001. The right panel shows correlation coefficients for effect estimates across all metabolites for a given incident endpoint. C Pearson (left) and Spearman (right) correlation coefficients of effect estimates from Cox proportional hazard models comparing initial results as described in the main text with successive exclusion of participants experiencing any event (excluding all-cause mortality) within the first five years of follow-up.