Extended Data Fig. 2: MDS HSPC architectures have myeloid-biased progenitors.

(a) Unsupervised clustering analysis of genes differentially expressed in CMPs (left; 957 genes) and GMPs (right; 1,369 genes) isolated from untreated CMP-pattern (n=11 and n=10, respectively) and GMP-pattern MDS patients (n=7 in both) and HDs (n=8 in both). (b) GSEA of genes significantly (P adj<0.05) upregulated in CMPs (top; 903 genes) and GMPs (bottom; 951 genes) isolated from MDS patients (n=18 and n=17, respectively), compared with those from HDs. Hallmark gene sets with a gene enrichment overlap rate (k/K) >0.05 and P>0.01 are shown. (c) Frequencies of immunophenotypic LT-HSCs (left), MPPs (center), and LMPPs (right) in total BM MNCs samples from HDs (n=18), baseline CMP-pattern MDS (n=64), and baseline GMP-pattern MDS (n=59). Lines represent medians ± IQRs. Statistical significance was calculated using Kruskal-Wallis tests and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test (****P<0.0001, **P<0.01, *P<0.05).