Table 3 Univariate and multivariable associates of adjudicated myocarditis (primary outcome), including demographic characteristics (A), cardiovascular history (B), severity of COVID-19 (C) and biomarkers (D)
From: A multisystem, cardio-renal investigation of post-COVID-19 illness
Univariate | Multivariable | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
Demographics | ||||
Age (per 10 years) | 0.87 (0.67, 1.14) | 0.304 | 1.02 (0.72, 1.45) | 0.897 |
Sex (Female vs. Male) | 2.01 (1.06, 3.82) | 0.033 | 1.45 (0.64, 3.26) | 0.372 |
Ethnicity (Other vs. White) | 2.17 (0.79, 5.98) | 0.133 | ||
SIMD (Quintile 2 vs. Most Deprived) | 0.49 (0.20, 1.21) | 0.120 | ||
SIMD (Quintile 3 vs. Most Deprived) | 0.41 (0.14, 1.21) | 0.108 | ||
SIMD (Quintile 4 vs. Most Deprived) | 0.58 (0.20, 1.70) | 0.319 | ||
SIMD (Quintile 5 vs. Most Deprived) | 1.10 (0.43, 2.81) | 0.838 | ||
Healthcare worker (Yes vs. No) | 2.31 (1.05, 5.10) | 0.038 | 2.99 (1.01, 8.89) | 0.048 |
Body mass index (per 5 kg/m2) | 1.11 (0.89, 1.39) | 0.364 | ||
Cardiovascular history | ||||
Hypertension (Yes vs. No) | 0.69 (0.36, 1.33) | 0.274 | ||
Chronic kidney disease (Yes vs. No) | 2.19 (0.41, 11.65) | 0.357 | ||
Diabetes (Yes vs. No) | 0.65 (0.31, 1.38) | 0.262 | ||
Hypercholesterolemia (Yes vs. No) | 0.59 (0.32, 1.11) | 0.105 | ||
Smoking (Former vs. Never) | 0.98 (0.48, 1.98) | 0.950 | ||
Smoking (Current vs. Never) | 3.12 (0.62, 15.74) | 0.167 | ||
History of cardiovascular disease (Yes vs. No) | 0.73 (0.39, 1.37) | 0.335 | ||
Q-Risk 3 10-year cardiovascular risk (per 10%) | 0.83 (0.60, 1.15) | 0.258 | ||
Medical history | ||||
Charlson Comorbidity Index (per point) | 0.95 (0.80, 1.12) | 0.524 | ||
ISARIC4C in-hospital mortality risk (per 10%) | 0.81 (0.60, 1.09) | 0.161 | ||
WHO score (oxygen therapy vs. hospitalized, no oxygen) | 0.63 (0.31, 1.31) | 0.215 | ||
WHO score (non-invasive ventilation vs. hospitalized, no oxygen) | 0.55 (0.19, 1.55) | 0.256 | ||
WHO score (invasive ventilation vs. hospitalized, no oxygen) | 1.83 (0.51, 6.57) | 0.352 | ||
AKI (Yes vs. No) | 3.26 (1.11, 9.53) | 0.031 | 3.26 (1.00, 10.64) | 0.050 |
Biomarkers (standard care) | ||||
Hemoglobin (per s.d.) | 0.99 (0.73, 1.36) | 0.973 | ||
Platelet count (per s.d., log scale) | 1.26 (0.92, 1.71) | 0.145 | ||
Peak white cell count (per s.d., log scale) | 1.15 (0.85, 1.55) | 0.369 | ||
Lowest lymphocyte count (per s.d., log scale) | 1.38 (0.98, 1.95) | 0.063 | ||
Peak D-dimer (per s.d., log scale) | 1.01 (0.68, 1.52) | 0.947 | ||
Peak fibrinogen (per s.d.) | 1.99 (0.72, 5.48) | 0.182 | ||
Peak HbA1c (per s.d., log scale) | 0.66 (0.46, 0.94) | 0.023 | 0.64 (0.42, 0.99) | 0.044 |
Peak creatinine (per s.d., log scale) | 1.15 (0.87, 1.54) | 0.324 | ||
Peak ferritin (per s.d., log scale) | 0.86 (0.61, 1.23) | 0.416 | ||
Peak high-sensitivity troponin I (per s.d., log scale) | 1.23 (0.90, 1.66) | 0.190 | ||
Peak C-reactive protein (per s.d., log scale) | 0.76 (0.51, 1.14) | 0.182 | ||
