Extended Data Fig. 5: Cellular and humoral immune responses before and after ATI.

a, No substantial frequencies of HIV-1 (RT-YV9; YQYMDDLYV) specific CD8+ T cells were found before or after ATI after magnetic bead MHC class I tetramer enrichment despite sustained CMV-specific responses ex vivo (performed at the University Medical Center Hamburg). Shown are representative plots from month 75 after HSCT. b, IFN-γ ELISpot assays showed waning HIV-1-specific T-cell responses of in vitro expanded polyclonal T-cell lines specific for the gag07-121 (KELYPLASLRSLFGN) and RT-YV9 (YQYMDDLYV) peptides despite maintained EBV-specific responses (performed at the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg). IFN-γ, interferon-gamma; ELISpot, enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot; EBV, Epstein Barr Virus. c, Strong CMV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses were maintained before and after ATI as assessed by the production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, and/or expression of CD107a in the ICS (performed at the Institut Pasteur Paris). The dotted line shows the average background signal. CMV, cytomegalovirus; ATI, analytical treatment interruption; ICS, intracellular cytokine staining; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. d, In month 39, the HIV-1-specific antibody levels and avidity were below the cut-off for PLWH (n = 10 viremic and n = 10 ART treated) and comparable to HIV-1 negative patients (n = 4) as measured by a detuned low-sensitive version of the HIV-1 VITROS assay and the limiting antigen avidity assay (performed at IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute Barcelona). Data are shown as median with IQR.