Fig. 2: A longitudinal balance of microbial taxa (SGBs) predicts OS at baseline.
From: Longitudinal gut microbiome changes in immune checkpoint blockade-treated advanced melanoma
a, Schematic illustration of a balance between the five SGBs that were consistently higher in patients with PFS ≥12 months (A. butyriciproducens SGB14993 group, I. bartlettii SGB6140, Dorea sp. AF24 7LB SGB4571, L. gasseri SGB7038 group and L. celerecrescens SGB4868) and the four SGBs that were found to be consistently higher in patients with PFS <12 months (R. lactatiformans SGB15271, R. unclassified SGB15265 group, P. copri clade A SGB1626 and an unidentified SGB from the phylum Bacteroidetes SGB1957). In patients with PFS ≥12 and PFS <12 months, the balance is tilted to the left and right side, respectively. b, The balance’s ability to discriminate between patients with PFS ≥12 (n = 83, n0 = 62, n1 = 77, n2 = 38 and n3 = 30) and PFS <12 months (n = 92, n0 = 74, n1 = 69, n2 = 34 and n3 = 24) months across study visits (two-sided Wilcoxon test: PT0 = 0.00085, PT1 = 0.0007, PT2 = 0.0005 and PT3 = 0.1). Boxplots represent minima, Q1, Q2, Q3 and maxima. c, The balance’s predictive ability expressed as the AUC computed from 100 times repeated five-fold cross-validation. Each line shows, for each study visit, the average across the 100 times repeated five-fold cross-validations with the shaded area representing the 95% CI (mean AUC ± s.d.: AUCT0 0.659 ± 0.092, AUCT1 0.666 ± 0.091, AUCT2 = 0.739 ± 0.118 and AUCT3 0.655 ± 0.129). The dashed diagonal line represents random chance. d, Kaplan–Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression of OS in months for 146 patients at baseline according to high (above median; teal) and low (below median; orange) values of the balance after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, previous therapy, PPI and antibiotics use.
