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Drug development

Moving toward response-adapted trials in oncology

The I-SPY clinical trial platform was designed to accelerate clinical development of neoadjuvant treatments for early-stage breast cancer. Although it is not without limitations, it provides a model for future response-adapted clinical trials.

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Fig. 1: ISPY2.2 trial design and key discussion points.

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Correspondence to Javier Cortés.

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Competing interests

J.P.-G. reports consulting/advisory role for Lilly, Roche, Eisai, Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca, Seattle Genetics, Gilead and MSD; travel compensation from Roche; and employment at MEDSIR. G.A. reports honoraria from MEDSIR. M.G. has received support for attending meetings and/or travel from AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences, Roche and Pfizer and has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Gilead Sciences and Pfizer. A.L.-C. reports receiving research support from Roche, Agendia, Lilly, Pfizer, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Gilead and Daiichi Sankyo; serving as a consultant/advisor for Lilly, Roche, Pfizer and Novartis; participation in speakers’ bureaus for Lilly, AstraZeneca and Merck Sharp & Dohme; travel support from Roche, Pfizer and AstraZeneca; and stock or other ownership of MEDSIR and Initia-Research. J.C. reports serving as a consultant/advisor for Roche, Celgene, Cellestia, AstraZeneca, Seattle Genetics, Daiichi Sankyo, Erytech, Athenex, Polyphor, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, GSK, Leuko, Bioasis, Clovis Oncology, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ellipses, HiberCell, BioInvent, GEMoaB, Gilead, Menarini, Zymeworks, Reveal Genomics and Expres2ion Biotechnologies; receiving honoraria from Roche, Novartis, Celgene, Eisai, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme and Daiichi Sankyo; research funding to the institution from Roche, Ariad Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Baxalta/Servier Affaires, Bayer Healthcare, Eisai, F. Hoffman–La Roche, Guardant Health, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, PIQUR Therapeutics, Puma C and Queen Mary University of London; holding stock in MEDSIR, Nektar Pharmaceuticals and Leuko (relative); receiving travel and accommodation expenses from Roche, Novartis, Eisai, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca and Gilead; and holding patents, including one for pharmaceutical combinations of a PI3K inhibitor and a microtubule destabilizing agent (US 2019/0338368 A1).

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Pérez-García, J., Antonarelli, G., Gion, M. et al. Moving toward response-adapted trials in oncology. Nat Med 30, 3426–3428 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03346-3

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