Fig. 3: Prominent polyfunctional CD4+ memory T cell response in GA2 single-immunized participants. | Nature Medicine

Fig. 3: Prominent polyfunctional CD4+ memory T cell response in GA2 single-immunized participants.

From: Single immunization with genetically attenuated Pf∆mei2 (GA2) parasites by mosquito bite in controlled human malaria infection: a placebo-controlled randomized trial

Fig. 3

a, Plasma antibody levels against the indicated Pf antigens on the day before CHMI (C−1). Values are log10 transformed. b, Frequency of CD4+ and Vδ2+ γδ T cells expressing the indicated cytokines upon stimulation with Pf RBC corrected for unRBC stimulation. c, Frequency of CD4+ and Vδ2+ γδ T cells expressing single or more than one of the indicated cytokines per cell upon Pf RBC and unRBC stimulation. d, Frequency of CD45RA− CD4+ (upper) and Vδ2+ γδ (lower) memory T cells (TMEM) among polyfunctional cells at the indicated time points upon Pf RBC stimulation. e, Frequency of central (TCM) (upper) and effector (TEM) (lower) memory cells among polyfunctional CD4+ T cells. Filled circles and triangles indicate the data from individual participants and the horizontal black line indicates the arithmetic mean (a, d, e). Filled circles and error bars indicate the arithmetic mean and s.e.m., respectively (b). Bar charts represent arithmetic means and error bars represent s.e.m. (c). Two-tailed Mann–Whitney test (a, b (at C−1), d, e). PfAMA-1, Pf apical membrane antigen-1 ; PfCSP, Pf circumsporozoite protein; Pf MSP-1, Pf merozoite surface protein-1.

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