Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Intervention group (n = 116) | Control group (n = 118) | |
|---|---|---|
Sex, n (%) | ||
Female | 98 (84.5) | 100 (84.7) |
Male | 17 (14.7) | 17 (14.4) |
Other | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.8) |
Ethnicitya, n (%) | ||
White | 106 (91.4) | 105 (89.0) |
South Asian | 5 (4.3) | 5 (4.2) |
Other Asian or Asian British | 5 (4.3) | 0 (0) |
Black, African, Caribbean or Black British | 0 (0) | 2 (1.7) |
Other or mixed ethnic group | 0 (0) | 6 (5.1) |
Age (years) | 46.4 (9.1) | 46.1 (10.5) |
IMD quintile, n (%) | ||
1 (most deprived) | 18 (15.5) | 13 (11.0) |
2 | 22 (19.0) | 22 (18.6) |
3 | 16 (13.8) | 29 (24.6) |
4 | 23 (19.8) | 28 (23.7) |
5 (least deprived) | 37 (31.9) | 26 (22.0) |
Region, n (%) | ||
England | 76 (65.5) | 73 (61.9) |
Scotland | 33 (28.4) | 38 (32.2) |
Wales | 5 (4.3) | 6 (5.1) |
Northern Ireland | 2 (1.7) | 1 (0.8) |
Mean weight (kg) | 102.4 (21.5) | 101.5 (19.4) |
Mean BMI (kg m−2) | 36.8 (7.5) | 36.8 (6.5) |
BMI white (n = 211, 90%) | 36.9 (7.4) | 37.0 (6.4) |
BMI nonwhiteb (n = 23, 10%) | 35.5 (8.4) | 35.2 (7.2) |
Mean SBP (mmHg) | 130.7 (14.5) | 132.2 (13.3) |
Mean DBP (mmHg) | 80.1 (9.1) | 80.1 (8.8) |
Hypertension, n (%) | 12 (10.3) | 20 (16.9) |
Known T2 diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 3 (2.6) | 3 (2.5) |
Nominated LC symptom (primary outcome), n (%) | ||
Pain | 14 (12.1) | 14 (11.9) |
Breathlessness | 20 (17.2) | 17 (14.4) |
Fatigue | 60 (51.7) | 66 (55.9) |
Anxiety/depression | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.7) |
Other | 21 (18.1) | 19 (16.1) |
Mean time since first (reported) COVID infection (months) | 16.8 (7.8) | 16.8 (7.8) |
Timing of first COVID infection, n (%)c | ||
Before 16 May 2021 (Alpha variant dominant) | 82 (70.7) | 88 (74.6) |
Between 16 May 2021 and 19 December 2021 (Delta variant dominant) | 22 (19.0) | 15 (12.7) |
Between 20 December 2021 and 1 March 2022 (Omicron BA.1 variant dominant) | 10 (8.6) | 13 (11.0) |
After 1 March 2022 (Omicron BA.2 variant dominant) | 2 (1.7) | 2 (1.7) |
Number with confirmed diagnosis of COVID in first or second infection, n (%) | 100 (86) | 102 (86) |
Vaccination status, n (%) | ||
At the time of contracting COVID first time | ||
Not vaccinated | 81 (69.8) | 88 (74.6) |
Vaccinated once | 6 (5.2) | 2 (1.7) |
Vaccinated twice | 18 (15.5) | 10 (8.5) |
Vaccinated thrice | 11 (9.5) | 15 (12.7) |
At recruitment | ||
Not vaccinated | 3 (2.6) | 3 (2.5) |
Vaccinated once | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.8) |
Vaccinated twice | 9 (7.8) | 10 (8.5) |
Vaccinated thrice | 103 (88.8) | 104 (88.1) |
Mean time since becoming aware of LC (months) | 14.3 (7.3) | 13.5 (7.4) |
Taking medicationsd, n (%) | ||
0 | 23 (19.8%) | 20 (16.9%) |
1 | 16 (13.8%) | 19 (16.1%) |
2 | 15 (12.9%) | 10 (8.5%) |
3 | 17 (14.7%) | 11 (9.3%) |
4 | 12 (10.3%) | 15 (12.7%) |
5 or more | 33 (28.4%) | 43 (36.4%) |
