Fig. 3: Temporal and spatial characterization of endometrial stromal cells and effect of metformin and lifestyle in women with PCOS.
From: Single-cell profiling of the human endometrium in polycystic ovary syndrome
a, UMAP projections of the stromal nuclei subclusters (n = 126,792) from all individuals (n = 27). b, Heatmap of the scaled log(transformed) gene expression characterizing the five stromal subclusters. c, Bar plot showing the proportion of the five stromal subclusters from: control (n = 5), PCOS (n = 12), PCOS-metformin (n = 7) and PCOS-lifestyle (n = 3). d, Violin plots of log(normalized) ESR1 expression in the control, PCOS, PCOS-metformin and PCOS-lifestyle groups in fibroblast, stroma cycling and SMC cell types. The line inside the box indicates the median value and the box delimits the 25th and 75th percentiles. The smallest and largest values are indicated by the lines outside the box. ***BH-adjusted P < 0.001 in DEG analysis. e, Total number of DEGs in each stromal subcluster and dotplots of the top five up- and downregulated DEGs (control versus PCOS) in each subcluster. f, GO enrichment analyses for DEGs split on up- or downregulation, within each stromal subcluster at baseline between control and PCOS and between PCOS-baseline and after 16 weeks of intervention with metformin or lifestyle, respectively. GOs with BH FDR P < 0.05 are reported and −log10(transformed) for visualization. g, Heatmap showing DEGs in GOs in stromal subclusters between controls and PCOS and DEGs that are reversed by metformin or lifestyle intervention. h, Spatial transcriptomic with Stereo-seq of selected cell-type markers in stromal subclusters. See ‘Statistical analyses’ for a detailed description of DEG analysis and GO enrichment analysis statistics.
