Extended Data Fig. 8: Association of plasma biomarkers with brain atrophy and cognition in Aβ-positive individuals of the validation cohort.

We show associations between each plasma biomarker and brain atrophy, as measured as cortical thickness (a), and early (b) and global (c) cognitive dysfunction, measured by mPACC and MMSE, respectively. Only Aβ-positive individuals are included in these plots. Dots are gray-color-coded to indicate tau-PET negativity in the Global (Braak I-VI) regions of interests (ROI) while other color-coded dots indicate tau-PET positivity. Tau-status was assessed using global tau-PET with a previously validated cutoff (SUVR > 1.22). Plasma thresholds were derived using Gaussian mixture modelling. Standardized β from linear regression analyses are also shown, adjusting for age and sex (and education for cognitive outcomes). Trend lines (solid black) with 95% confidence intervals (shaded area) from linear regression models illustrate data tendencies. All tests were two-sided and all p-values < 0.001. ***p:<0.001. Abbreviations: mPACC, modified preclinical Alzheimer’s cognitive composite; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; SUVR, standardized uptake value ratio.