Extended Data Fig. 1: Schematic overview of the template-driven and feedback-oriented deep reinforcement learning method in REVERIE-Agent Module.

In the digital twin stage, the REVERIE Coach based on the transformer network, is trained in VR sports environment conditioned on pre-set coaching templates to master standardised instructions of sports techniques. In the AI-human interaction stage, the REVERIE Coach is fine-tuned based on feedback from REVERIE Coach-adolescent interactions to develop personalised instructions of sports techniques tailored to each adolescent. Upon completion of the two-stage, we obtain REVERIE Coach capable of delivering empathetic sports guidance to each adolescent.