A new study leverages powerful multi-omics techniques to analyze immune dysregulation in smoke-exposed individuals, offering crucial insights for the development of novel diagnostics and interventions.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals
Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription
$32.99 / 30 days
cancel any time
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 print issues and online access
$259.00 per year
only $21.58 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

References
Xu, R. et al. Lancet 404, 2447–2459 (2024).
Wu, H., Eckhardt, C. M. & Baccarelli, A. A. Nat. Rev. Genet. 24, 332–344 (2023).
Johnson, M. et al. Nat. Med. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03777-6 (2025).
Prunicki, M. et al. Allergy 74, 1989 (2019).
International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC https://go.nature.com/4l1SDEQ (2023).
Zahm, S. et al. Lancet Oncol. 25, 16–17 (2024).
Saint-André, V. et al. Nature 626, 827–835 (2024).
Vermeulen, R. et al. Science 367, 392–396 (2020).
Agache, I. et al. Front Sci. 2, 1279192 (2024).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oh, M., Zychowski, K.E. Biological and health effects of fire smoke exposure. Nat Med 31, 2863–2864 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03866-6
Published:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03866-6