Extended Data Fig. 6: Orthogonal views comparing the spatial distribution of nodular and infiltrative tumors, for three separate instances of each phenotype and solid phase nodular growth tumor increases imaging depth in sagittal image section using optical coherence tomography.

(a) Nodular tumors extended into the lung tissue to greater depths and bulge out of the pleural surface. (b) Infiltrative tumors are located more superficially on the pleural surface. (c) Alveolar function deeper than 100µm from the surface can be imaged through the tumor nodule up to a depth of 400µm from the surface, as the gas phase of the alveoli is replaced by the solid phase tumor, which reduces light scattering.