Fig. 6: Classification of 70S ribosomes from intact cells and 80S ribosomes from cryo-FIB lamellae.

a, Three classes of 70S ribosomes with different translating states or L1 stalk conformations. Class 1 is in decoding state with EF-Tu binding tRNA adopting to A-site. Class 2 and 3 are in classic non-rotated state, showing A-site and P-site tRNAs, while L1 stalks are in different positions (class 2, L1 stalk is open; class 3, L1 stalk is intermediate close, highlighted in c). b, Superimposed maps for class 1 and 2 viewed from the bottom of the 30S subunit showing the small subunit rotation during tRNA loading. c, L1 stalk superimposed density for class 2 and 3 showing the open and half-closed states. d, Classes of 80S ribosomes from cryo-FIB lamellae. Classes 1, 2 and 3 are in non-rotated states, while class 1 and class 3 have binding P-site tRNA differentiated by close and open L1 stalk states and class 2 with no tRNA bound. Class 4 is in the decoding state with cofactor eEF1A and A/T-site tRNA, P-site tRNA bound. Class 5 is in the post-translational state with cofactor eEF2. e, Superimposed maps of 80S class 1 and 2 showing rotating subunits, with plates representing the 40S body central planes.