Supplementary Figure 1: Dissection and dissociation of the spinal cord dorsal horn (related to Fig. 1).

a) Upper row shows 3 representative sections from an intact hemisphere of spinal cord (from left to right: Cervical, thoracical, lumbar) The lower row shows 3 corresponding sections of only the dorsal horn after dissection. The dissection included the dorsal horn. Neurons ventral to the dorsal horn such as Clarke´s column was not part of the analyzed tissue. Scale bar = 200 µm for upper and 300 µm lower panels. b) Illustration of single cell suspension and the capturing of single cells in the C1 Fluidigm Chip. Scale bar = 50 µm for upper panel and 12 µm lower panels. c) Illustration of FACS from Vglut^GFP (left) and Vgat^TdTomato (right) dorsal horn suspensions. d) Heat map displaying the single cell expression profile of 1639 dorsal horn spinal cord neurons divided into glutamatergic (left) and GABAergic (right) neurons. Heat map is based on relative expression of each gene, dark green representing minimal and yellow maximal expression (“summer” color scheme). Neurons passed quality control, namely, containing at least 3000 molecules. Black vertical lines represent the 43 clusters defined by backspin. The color code below illustrates the final clustering after manual control. Clusters without distinguishable differences were fused (i.e. Cluster 4 and 6 of the glutamatergic neurons) and clusters without defining genes (thick black bars) were excluded resulting in a total number of 30 clusters.